Roman Empire alone, not of any other god whose empire is rumored among Jews, that is, a group that distinguishes itself through circumcision. When Paul declares that neither circumcision nor foreskin matters any longer because both circumcised Jews and uncircumcised Galatians belong to Abraham’s seed and stand under the authority of Israel’s God alone, that declaration smashes an icon of Roman law and order. And the Galatians’ foreskin, never before of any significance, all of a sudden, emerges as